{"id":10162,"date":"2026-10-19T15:37:09","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T08:37:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/bang-mao-tu-tieng-duc-meo-nho-der-die-das\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T15:50:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T08:50:52","slug":"deutsche-artikel-fuer-katzen-der-die-das","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/bang-mao-tu-tieng-duc-meo-nho-der-die-das\/","title":{"rendered":"Deutsche Artikel-Tabelle: Tipps zum schnellen Merken von Der, Die und Das (2026)"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c<\/strong> l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 A1. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, danh t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh ba gi\u1ed1ng: gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c (Maskulinum), gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i (Femininum) v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng trung (Neutrum), t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ba m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh der, die, das<\/strong>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00f2n thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a danh t\u1eeb trong c\u00e2u, khi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng \u00edt h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi giao ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m b\u00e0i thi.<\/p>

Khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u1eady l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1edb der, die, das nhanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3ng chia m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c theo 4 c\u00e1ch<\/strong>, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch quy t\u1eafc nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft gi\u1ed1ng danh t\u1eeb, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ghi nh\u1edb v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n. Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0111ang h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c A1\u2013B2, luy\u1ec7n thi Goethe, ECL, telc ho\u1eb7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh trang ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 CHLB \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>

B\u1ea3ng M\u1ea1o T\u1eeb Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00e0 G\u00ec? T\u1ed5ng Quan V\u1ec1 Der, Die, Das Cho Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1edbi H\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n\n
\"B\u1ea3ng
B\u1ea3ng M\u1ea1o T\u1eeb Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00e0 G\u00ec? T\u1ed5ng Quan V\u1ec1 Der, Die, Das Cho Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1edbi H\u1ecdc<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, trong ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Artikel, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc danh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00fap c\u00e2u v\u0103n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>

M\u1ea1o t\u1eeb trong ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ed1ng, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1ch ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a danh t\u1eeb<\/h3>

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, M\u1ea1o t\u1eeb trong ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c<\/strong> l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i k\u00e8m danh t\u1eeb, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng g\u1ed3m gi\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p (Genus), s\u1ed1 \u00edt ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u (Numerus), c\u00e1ch ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p (Kasus) v\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>

  • Gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c (Maskulinum):<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u1edbi der \u1edf Nominativ s\u1ed1 \u00edt. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: der Mann (ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng), der Tisch (c\u00e1i b\u00e0n).<\/li>
  • Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i (Femininum):<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u1edbi die. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: die Frau (ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef), die Schule (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc).<\/li>
  • Gi\u1ed1ng trung (Neutrum):<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u1edbi das. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: das Kind (\u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb), das Buch (quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch).<\/li>
  • S\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u (Plural):<\/strong> m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf Nominativ l\u00e0 die, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 gi\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a danh t\u1eeb \u1edf s\u1ed1 \u00edt. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: die M\u00e4nner, die Frauen, die Kinder.<\/li><\/ul>

    \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/strong>. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, das M\u00e4dchen c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f4 b\u00e9 nh\u01b0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng trung v\u00ec h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 -chen. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb Nominativ sang Akkusativ, Dativ ho\u1eb7c Genitiv.<\/p>

    Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh der, die, das; m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ein, eine v\u00e0 m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh kein, keine<\/h3>

    Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ba nh\u00f3m m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy t\u1eafc bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i theo gi\u1ed1ng, s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p.<\/p>
    Nh\u00f3m m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb<\/th>Funktion<\/th>Beispiel<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    M\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh (bestimmter Artikel)<\/td>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh<\/td>der Mann, die Frau, das Kind<\/td><\/tr>
    M\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh (unbestimmter Artikel)<\/td>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf s\u1ed1 \u00edt<\/td>ein Mann, eine Frau, ein Kind<\/td><\/tr>
    T\u1eeb ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u kein (Negativartikel)<\/td>Ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, s\u1edf h\u1eefu ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn danh t\u1eeb<\/td>kein Mann, keine Frau, kein Kind<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    Khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ich sehe einen Hund (T\u00f4i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t con ch\u00f3). Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft con ch\u00f3 n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i: Der Hund ist klein (Con ch\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ecf). N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: Ich habe keinen Hund (T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00f3).<\/p>

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ein v\u00e0 eine kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/strong>. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u, ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng danh t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n: Ich kaufe B\u00fccher (T\u00f4i mua s\u00e1ch). Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, kein c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u: Ich kaufe keine B\u00fccher (T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mua s\u00e1ch).<\/p>

    B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n theo gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c, gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i, gi\u1ed1ng trung v\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/h3>

    Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ghi nh\u1edb nhanh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb \u1edf c\u00e1ch Nominativ, t\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u.<\/p>
    Lo\u1ea1i danh t\u1eeb<\/th>M\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th>M\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th>Ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh kein<\/th>Beispiel<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c<\/td>der<\/td>ein<\/td>kein<\/td>der Tisch<\/td><\/tr>
    Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i<\/td>die<\/td>eine<\/td>keine<\/td>die Lampe<\/td><\/tr>
    Gi\u1ed1ng trung<\/td>das<\/td>ein<\/td>kein<\/td>das Buch<\/td><\/tr>
    S\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/td>die<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/td>keine<\/td>die B\u00fccher<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u1eb9o h\u1ecdc nhanh: h\u00e3y ghi nh\u1edb b\u1ed9 ba der Tisch \u2013 die Lampe \u2013 das Buch<\/strong>, sau \u0111\u00f3 luy\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang ein, eine v\u00e0 kein, keine. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc b\u1ea3ng chia m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb theo b\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p.<\/p>

    B\u1ea3ng Chia M\u1ea1o T\u1eeb Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c Theo 4 C\u00e1ch Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ V\u00e0 Genitiv<\/h2>\n\n\n
    \"B\u1ea3ng
    B\u1ea3ng Chia M\u1ea1o T\u1eeb Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c Theo 4 C\u00e1ch Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ V\u00e0 Genitiv<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

    Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch: Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ v\u00e0 Genitiv. T\u00f9y vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb trong c\u00e2u, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 gi\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a danh t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>

    B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh der, die, das theo 4 c\u00e1ch ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 theo 4 c\u00e1ch<\/strong> d\u00e0nh cho nh\u00f3m m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>
    C\u00e1ch ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng trung<\/th>S\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Nominativ<\/td>der<\/td>die<\/td>das<\/td>die<\/td><\/tr>
    Akkusativ<\/td>den<\/td>die<\/td>das<\/td>die<\/td><\/tr>
    Dativ<\/td>dem<\/td>der<\/td>dem<\/td>den<\/td><\/tr>
    Genitiv<\/td>des<\/td>der<\/td>des<\/td>der<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    Khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, Nominativ \u2013 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Der Lehrer erkl\u00e4rt die Grammatik (Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p). Trong c\u00e2u n\u00e0y, der Lehrer l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef \u1edf Nominativ.<\/p>

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, Akkusativ \u2013 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1ch:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c sau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ich sehe den Lehrer (T\u00f4i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o). Danh t\u1eeb Lehrer v\u1eabn l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb der chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh den.<\/p>

    Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, Dativ \u2013 c\u00e1ch t\u1eb7ng c\u00e1ch:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c sau c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Dativ. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ich helfe dem Lehrer (T\u00f4i gi\u00fap th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o). \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb helfen y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 ng\u1eef Dativ.<\/p>

    \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, Genitiv \u2013 c\u00e1ch s\u1edf h\u1eefu:<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quan h\u1ec7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu, li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Das Buch des Lehrers ist interessant (Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o r\u1ea5t th\u00fa v\u1ecb). Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, des Lehrers th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quan h\u1ec7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu.<\/p>

    Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng trung th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn th\u00eam \u0111u\u00f4i -(e)s \u1edf Genitiv s\u1ed1 \u00edt, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n des Mannes v\u00e0 des Kindes. \u1ede Dativ s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn danh t\u1eeb c\u00f2n nh\u1eadn th\u00eam -n n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng -n ho\u1eb7c -s, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: mit den Kindern, nh\u01b0ng mit den Autos.<\/p>

    B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ein, eine v\u00e0 m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh kein, keine theo gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch<\/h3>

    M\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 quy t\u1eafc bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u00f3m t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ein \u1edf Nominativ gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng trung kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch.<\/p>

    B\u1ea3ng chia m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ein\/eine:<\/strong><\/p>
    C\u00e1ch<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng trung<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Nominativ<\/td>ein<\/td>eine<\/td>ein<\/td><\/tr>
    Akkusativ<\/td>einen<\/td>eine<\/td>ein<\/td><\/tr>
    Dativ<\/td>einem<\/td>einer<\/td>einem<\/td><\/tr>
    Genitiv<\/td>eines<\/td>einer<\/td>eines<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    B\u1ea3ng chia t\u1eeb ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh kein\/keine:<\/strong><\/p>
    C\u00e1ch<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng trung<\/th>S\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Nominativ<\/td>kein<\/td>keine<\/td>kein<\/td>keine<\/td><\/tr>
    Akkusativ<\/td>keinen<\/td>keine<\/td>kein<\/td>keine<\/td><\/tr>
    Dativ<\/td>keinem<\/td>keiner<\/td>keinem<\/td>keinen<\/td><\/tr>
    Genitiv<\/td>keines<\/td>keiner<\/td>keines<\/td>keiner<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    So s\u00e1nh ba c\u00e2u: Ein Student lernt Deutsch (M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c); Ich kenne einen Studenten (T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean); Ich helfe einem Studenten (T\u00f4i gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean). C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ein, einen, einem l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t thu\u1ed9c Nominativ, Akkusativ v\u00e0 Dativ.<\/p>

    V\u1edbi kein, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp: Ich habe keinen Stift (T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00fat), Ich habe keine Tasche (T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00fai), Wir haben keine B\u00fccher (Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e1ch). Nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh t\u1eeb c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy t\u1eafc gi\u1ed1ng, s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch.<\/p>

    B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu mein, dein, sein, ihr, unser, euer v\u00e0 Ihr theo 4 c\u00e1ch<\/h3>

    Nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 mein (c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i), dein (c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n), sein (c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3), ihr (c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd), unser (c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i), euer (c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n) v\u00e0 Ihr (c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i\/qu\u00fd v\u1ecb theo c\u00e1ch x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 trang tr\u1ecdng) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu (Possessivartikel ho\u1eb7c Possessivdeterminative) khi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc danh t\u1eeb.<\/p>

    Nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb n\u00e0y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i theo gi\u1ed1ng, s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/strong>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i theo gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n: mein Vater, meine Mutter v\u00e0 mein Kind \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i.<\/p>

    B\u1ea3ng chia mein l\u00e0m m\u1eabu cho nh\u00f3m t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu:<\/strong><\/p>
    C\u00e1ch<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i<\/th>Gi\u1ed1ng trung<\/th>S\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Nominativ<\/td>mein<\/td>meine<\/td>mein<\/td>meine<\/td><\/tr>
    Akkusativ<\/td>meinen<\/td>meine<\/td>mein<\/td>meine<\/td><\/tr>
    Dativ<\/td>meinem<\/td>meiner<\/td>meinem<\/td>meinen<\/td><\/tr>
    Genitiv<\/td>meines<\/td>meiner<\/td>meines<\/td>meiner<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m dein, sein, ihr, unser v\u00e0 Ihr \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u00f4i bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 mein. Ri\u00eang euer c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf ch\u1eef e trong nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: eure Mutter, euren Vater, eurem Kind.<\/p>
    Ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/th>T\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu g\u1ed1c<\/th>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 Nominativ<\/th>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 Akkusativ<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    T\u00f4i<\/td>mein<\/td>mein Bruder<\/td>meinen Bruder<\/td><\/tr>
    B\u1ea1n (du)<\/td>dein<\/td>dein Bruder<\/td>deinen Bruder<\/td><\/tr>
    Anh \u1ea5y \/ n\u00f3 (er\/es)<\/td>sein<\/td>sein Bruder<\/td>seinen Bruder<\/td><\/tr>
    C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \/ h\u1ecd (sie)<\/td>ihr<\/td>ihr Bruder<\/td>ihren Bruder<\/td><\/tr>
    Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/td>unser<\/td>unser Bruder<\/td>unseren Bruder<\/td><\/tr>
    C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n (ihr)<\/td>euer<\/td>euer Bruder<\/td>euren Bruder<\/td><\/tr>
    Ng\u00e0i \/ qu\u00fd v\u1ecb (Sie)<\/td>Ihr<\/td>Ihr Bruder<\/td>Ihren Bruder<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng theo b\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch: Mein Bruder arbeitet in Berlin (Anh trai t\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Berlin); Ich besuche meinen Bruder (T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m anh trai); Ich helfe meinem Bruder (T\u00f4i gi\u00fap anh trai); Das Auto meines Bruders ist neu (Xe c\u1ee7a anh trai t\u00f4i m\u1edbi).<\/p>

    C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ, Genitiv qua v\u1ecb tr\u00ed danh t\u1eeb, \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb trong c\u00e2u<\/h3>

    Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p g\u1ee3i \u00fd, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1edfi ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>
    C\u00e1ch<\/th>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/th>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi g\u1ee3i \u00fd<\/th>Beispiel<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Nominativ<\/td>Ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef<\/td>Wer? Was?<\/td>Der Arzt arbeitet.<\/td><\/tr>
    Akkusativ<\/td>T\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/td>Wen? Was?<\/td>Ich besuche den Arzt.<\/td><\/tr>
    Dativ<\/td>T\u00e2n ng\u1eef gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed5 ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/td>Wem?<\/td>Ich danke dem Arzt.<\/td><\/tr>
    Genitiv<\/td>Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu, li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/td>Wessen?<\/td>Das Auto des Arztes.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb:<\/strong> c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 sehen, kaufen, brauchen, besuchen th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u1edbi t\u00e2n ng\u1eef Akkusativ. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 helfen, danken, gefallen, geh\u00f6ren y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Dativ \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed5 ng\u1eef li\u00ean quan.<\/p>

    Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb:<\/strong> durch, f\u00fcr, gegen, ohne, um \u0111i v\u1edbi Akkusativ; aus, bei, mit, nach, seit, von, zu \u0111i v\u1edbi Dativ. Nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 wegen, w\u00e4hrend, trotz th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Genitiv trong v\u0103n phong chu\u1ea9n, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>

    Gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb hai c\u00e1ch:<\/strong> an, auf, hinter, in, neben, \u00fcber, unter, vor, zwischen th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng Akkusativ khi di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u01b0\u1edbng di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 Dativ khi di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. So s\u00e1nh: Ich gehe in die Schule (T\u00f4i \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng) v\u00e0 Ich bin in der Schule (T\u00f4i \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng). C\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00e2u c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>

    M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e2u ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c Nominativ. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Den Mann sehe ich jeden Tag (T\u00f4i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u1ea5y m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y). Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, den Mann v\u1eabn l\u00e0 Akkusativ, c\u00f2n ich l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef.<\/p>

    C\u00e1ch Nh\u1edb Der Die Das Nhanh: Quy T\u1eafc Nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ebft Gi\u1ed1ng Danh T\u1eeb Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n\n\n
    \"C\u00e1ch
    C\u00e1ch Nh\u1edb Der Die Das Nhanh: Quy T\u1eafc Nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ebft Gi\u1ed1ng Danh T\u1eeb Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch nh\u1edb der die das<\/strong> hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc n\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p quy t\u1eafc h\u1eadu t\u1ed1, nh\u00f3m \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ghi nh\u1edb t\u1eebng danh t\u1eeb. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady r\u1ea5t cao, trong khi nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7.<\/p>

    Quy t\u1eafc nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c der qua h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 -er, -en, -ling, -ismus v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u1eddi gian<\/h3>

    Danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng quen thu\u1ed9c.<\/p>
    D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u<\/th>Beispiel<\/th>Anmerkung<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    -ling<\/td>der Fr\u00fchling, der Schmetterling<\/td>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c<\/td><\/tr>
    -ismus<\/td>der Tourismus, der Kapitalismus<\/td>Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn danh t\u1eeb mang h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c<\/td><\/tr>
    -er<\/td>der Lehrer, der Fahrer<\/td>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1<\/td><\/tr>
    -en<\/td>der Garten, der Besen<\/td>Ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh g\u1ee3i \u00fd, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7<\/td><\/tr>
    Th\u1ee9 trong tu\u1ea7n<\/td>der Montag, der Freitag<\/td>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c<\/td><\/tr>
    Th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f9a<\/td>der Januar, der Sommer<\/td>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    C\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam ho\u1eb7c vai tr\u00f2 nam gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 der Vater, der Sohn, der Bruder th\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y cho m\u1ecdi danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb.<\/p>

    L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi danh t\u1eeb k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng -er \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng der. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: das Fenster (c\u1eeda s\u1ed5), das Messer (con dao), die Mutter (m\u1eb9). T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, die Frauen (nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef) k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng -en nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c s\u1ed1 \u00edt.<\/p>

    Quy t\u1eafc nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i die qua h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 -ung, -heit, -keit, -schaft, -tion, -t\u00e4t v\u00e0 -ik<\/h3>

    Nh\u00f3m danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn gi\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p.<\/p>
    H\u1eadu t\u1ed1<\/th>Beispiel<\/th>Ngh\u0129a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    -ung<\/td>die Wohnung, die Ausbildung<\/td>C\u0103n h\u1ed9, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1<\/td><\/tr>
    -heit<\/td>die Freiheit, die Gesundheit<\/td>T\u1ef1 do, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe<\/td><\/tr>
    -keit<\/td>die M\u00f6glichkeit, die Freundlichkeit<\/td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n<\/td><\/tr>
    -schaft<\/td>die Freundschaft, die Gesellschaft<\/td>T\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/td><\/tr>
    -tion<\/td>die Information, die Organisation<\/td>Th\u00f4ng tin, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/td><\/tr>
    -t\u00e4t<\/td>die Universit\u00e4t, die Qualit\u00e4t<\/td>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td><\/tr>
    -ik<\/td>die Musik, die Politik<\/td>\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    M\u1ed9t m\u1eb9o h\u1eefu \u00edch l\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb chu\u1ed7i h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 -ung, -heit, -keit, -schaft, -tion, -t\u00e4t<\/strong> c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1eeb m\u1eabu. C\u00e1c h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i. H\u1eadu t\u1ed1 -ik c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 der Atlantik.<\/p>

    Danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: die Mutter, die Schwester, die Lehrerin. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean ngh\u1ec1 d\u00e0nh cho n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam -in v\u00e0o danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n der Lehrer \u2192 die Lehrerin.<\/p>

    Quy t\u1eafc nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng trung das qua h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 -chen, -lein, -ment, -um v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c danh t\u1eeb h\u00f3a<\/h3>

    Gi\u1ed1ng trung c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, hai h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 -chen v\u00e0 -lein lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ed1ng trung c\u1ee7a danh t\u1eeb.<\/p>
    D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u<\/th>Beispiel<\/th>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    -chen<\/td>das M\u00e4dchen, das Br\u00f6tchen<\/td>H\u1eadu t\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9, t\u1ea1o danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng trung<\/td><\/tr>
    -lein<\/td>das Fr\u00e4ulein, das B\u00fcchlein<\/td>H\u1eadu t\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9, t\u1ea1o danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng trung<\/td><\/tr>
    -ment<\/td>das Instrument, das Dokument<\/td>Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng trung, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7<\/td><\/tr>
    -um<\/td>das Museum, das Zentrum<\/td>Th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf danh t\u1eeb vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n g\u1ed1c Latin<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c danh t\u1eeb h\u00f3a<\/td>das Lernen, das Essen<\/td>Danh t\u1eeb h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng trung<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

    V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Lernen ist wichtig (H\u1ecdc t\u1eadp r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng) v\u00e0 Das Lernen macht Spa\u00df (Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t th\u00fa v\u1ecb). Khi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu lernen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 danh t\u1eeb, t\u1eeb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft hoa v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb das.<\/p>

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 -ment kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng trung. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: der Moment (kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc) l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi danh t\u1eeb k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng -um \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng trung n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb.<\/p>

    C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7, danh t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb thay \u0111\u1ed5i ngh\u0129a theo m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb der, die, das<\/h3>

    Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 danh t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p quy t\u1eafc v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ghi nh\u1edb ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7.<\/p>

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi danh t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p (Komposita):<\/strong> gi\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9ng cu\u1ed1i danh t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>

    • der Tisch + die Lampe \u2192 die Tischlampe (\u0111\u00e8n b\u00e0n), v\u00ec Lampe l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh.<\/li>
    • das Haus + die T\u00fcr \u2192 die Haust\u00fcr (c\u1eeda nh\u00e0), v\u00ec T\u00fcr l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh.<\/li>
    • die Arbeit + der Platz \u2192 der Arbeitsplatz (n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c), v\u00ec Platz l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh.<\/li>
    • die Sprache + der Kurs \u2192 der Sprachkurs (kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef), v\u00ec Kurs l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh.<\/li><\/ul>

      \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 danh t\u1eeb c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd mang ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c.<\/p>
      Danh t\u1eeb<\/th>Ngh\u0129a<\/th>Danh t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb<\/th>Ngh\u0129a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      der See<\/td>H\u1ed3<\/td>die See<\/td>Bi\u1ec3n<\/td><\/tr>
      der Band<\/td>T\u1eadp s\u00e1ch<\/td>das Band<\/td>D\u1ea3i b\u0103ng, s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y<\/td><\/tr>
      die Band<\/td>Ban nh\u1ea1c<\/td>der Band<\/td>T\u1eadp s\u00e1ch<\/td><\/tr>
      der Leiter<\/td>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/td>die Leiter<\/td>C\u00e1i thang<\/td><\/tr>
      der Schild<\/td>C\u00e1i khi\u00ean<\/td>das Schild<\/td>Bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u, b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn<\/td><\/tr>
      der Kiefer<\/td>X\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m<\/td>die Kiefer<\/td>C\u00e2y th\u00f4ng<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

      M\u1eb9o quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb c\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb, ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a danh t\u1eeb. Khi g\u1eb7p t\u1eeb m\u1edbi, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 suy \u0111o\u00e1n theo ch\u1eef c\u00e1i cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>

      C\u00e1ch H\u1ecdc Der Die Das Hi\u1ec7u Qu\u1ea3: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Ghi Nh\u1edb, V\u00ed D\u1ee5 V\u00e0 B\u00e0i T\u1eadp Th\u1ef1c H\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n\n\n
      \"C\u00e1ch
      C\u00e1ch H\u1ecdc Der Die Das Hi\u1ec7u Qu\u1ea3: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Ghi Nh\u1edb, V\u00ed D\u1ee5 V\u00e0 B\u00e0i T\u1eadp Th\u1ef1c H\u00e0nh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

      Hi\u1ec3u quy t\u1eafc l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb khi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft, h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y gi\u00fap bi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>

      H\u1ecdc t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng theo c\u1ee5m der Tisch, die Schule, das Buch thay v\u00ec ghi nh\u1edb danh t\u1eeb ri\u00eang l\u1ebb<\/h3>

      Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 ghi nh\u1edb Tisch l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c Schule l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y h\u1ecdc nguy\u00ean c\u1ee5m der Tisch, die Schule, das Buch<\/strong> v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>
      C\u1ee5m t\u1eeb n\u00ean h\u1ecdc<\/th>Ngh\u0129a<\/th>D\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/th>C\u00e2u v\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      der Tisch<\/td>C\u00e1i b\u00e0n<\/td>die Tische<\/td>Der Tisch ist gro\u00df.<\/td><\/tr>
      die Schule<\/td>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc<\/td>die Schulen<\/td>Die Schule ist modern.<\/td><\/tr>
      das Buch<\/td>Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch<\/td>die B\u00fccher<\/td>Das Buch ist interessant.<\/td><\/tr>
      der Arzt<\/td>B\u00e1c s\u0129 nam<\/td>die \u00c4rzte<\/td>Der Arzt hilft dem Patienten.<\/td><\/tr>
      die Ausbildung<\/td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1<\/td>die Ausbildungen<\/td>Die Ausbildung dauert drei Jahre.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

      Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o b\u1ed9 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i t\u1eeb, n\u00ean ghi t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u b\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng tin: m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb, danh t\u1eeb, ngh\u0129a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u. Khi \u0111\u00e3 quen, b\u1ed5 sung m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u m\u1eabu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Akkusativ ho\u1eb7c Dativ.<\/p>

      Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i PDT Bildung<\/strong>, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng giao ti\u1ebfp ngay t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 A1 gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean g\u1eafn ghi nh\u1edb v\u1edbi ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y trong Deutschkurs B1<\/strong> nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u00f9ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi luy\u1ec7n n\u00f3i v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft.<\/p>

      \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 m\u00e0u, flashcard, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1edb m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c<\/h3>

      \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ghi nh\u1edb, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc n\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u00f3i quen v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp thu c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>

      • M\u00e3 m\u00e0u (Color Coding):<\/strong> quy \u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0u xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng cho der, m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf cho die v\u00e0 m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 cho das. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 quy \u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00ed nh\u1edb, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i quy t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/li>
      • Flashcard:<\/strong> m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc ghi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c ngh\u0129a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, m\u1eb7t sau ghi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb, danh t\u1eeb, s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00e2u v\u00ed d\u1ee5.<\/li>
      • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0 duy:<\/strong> chia t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh ba nh\u00e1nh der, die, das; b\u00ean trong ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m theo h\u1eadu t\u1ed1, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7.<\/li>
      • L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng (Spaced Repetition):<\/strong> \u00f4n l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb theo c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n, \u01b0u ti\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi sai.<\/li>
      • Luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u:<\/strong> d\u00f9ng m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb trong \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n Nominativ v\u00e0 Akkusativ.<\/li><\/ul>

        M\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch \u00f4n tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 1, ng\u00e0y 2, ng\u00e0y 4, ng\u00e0y 7, ng\u00e0y 14 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 30. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch g\u1ee3i \u00fd linh ho\u1ea1t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. H\u1ecdc vi\u00ean n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>

        V\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u1edbi danh t\u1eeb der Tisch, h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t ba c\u00e2u: Der Tisch ist neu (C\u00e1i b\u00e0n m\u1edbi); Ich kaufe den Tisch (T\u00f4i mua c\u00e1i b\u00e0n); Das Buch liegt auf dem Tisch (Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean b\u00e0n). B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i luy\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch.<\/p>

        B\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ec1n der, die, das v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb qua Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ k\u00e8m \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/h3>

        Ph\u1ea7n b\u00e0i t\u1eadp sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp t\u1eeb nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft gi\u1ed1ng danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc n\u00ean t\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.<\/p>

        B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1: \u0110i\u1ec1n der, die ho\u1eb7c das v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng.<\/strong><\/p>

        • 1. ___ Tisch ist gro\u00df.<\/li>
        • 2. ___ Frau arbeitet im Krankenhaus.<\/li>
        • 3. ___ Kind spielt im Garten.<\/li>
        • 4. ___ Wohnung ist sch\u00f6n.<\/li>
        • 5. ___ M\u00e4dchen lernt Deutsch.<\/li>
        • 6. ___ Lehrer spricht langsam.<\/li>
        • 7. ___ B\u00fccher liegen auf dem Tisch.<\/li>
        • 8. ___ Museum ist heute ge\u00f6ffnet.<\/li><\/ul>

          \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n b\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1:<\/strong> 1. der; 2. die; 3. das; 4. die; 5. das; 6. der; 7. die; 8. das.<\/p>

          Erkl\u00e4ren:<\/strong> Tisch v\u00e0 Lehrer l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c; Frau v\u00e0 Wohnung l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i; Kind, M\u00e4dchen v\u00e0 Museum l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng trung. B\u00fccher l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng die \u1edf Nominativ. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, M\u00e4dchen nh\u1eadn das do h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 -chen, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef.<\/p>

          B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2: \u0110i\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/strong><\/p>

          • 1. Ich sehe ___ Mann. (der Mann)<\/li>
          • 2. Wir helfen ___ Frau. (die Frau)<\/li>
          • 3. Das Kind spielt mit ___ Ball. (der Ball)<\/li>
          • 4. Ich kaufe ___ Buch. (das Buch)<\/li>
          • 5. Sie spricht mit ___ Lehrern. (die Lehrer, s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u)<\/li>
          • 6. Das Auto ___ Vaters ist neu. (der Vater)<\/li>
          • 7. Ich gehe in ___ Schule. (die Schule, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/li>
          • 8. Wir sind in ___ Schule. (die Schule, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/li><\/ul>

            \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n b\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2:<\/strong> 1. den; 2. der; 3. dem; 4. das; 5. den; 6. des; 7. die; 8. der.<\/p>

            Erkl\u00e4ren:<\/strong> C\u00e2u 1 d\u00f9ng Akkusativ v\u00ec Mann l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a sehen. C\u00e2u 2 d\u00f9ng Dativ v\u00ec helfen y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Dativ. C\u00e2u 3 v\u00e0 c\u00e2u 5 d\u00f9ng Dativ sau mit. C\u00e2u 4 d\u00f9ng Akkusativ nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ed1ng trung gi\u1eef h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c das. C\u00e2u 6 d\u00f9ng Genitiv \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb quan h\u1ec7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi Vater chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Vaters. C\u00e2u 7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Akkusativ v\u00ec di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch, trong khi c\u00e2u 8 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Dativ v\u00ec di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.<\/p>

            B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3: \u0110i\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee7a ein, kein ho\u1eb7c mein.<\/strong><\/p>

            • 1. Ich habe ___ Bruder. (ein)<\/li>
            • 2. Sie hilft ___ Kind. (ein)<\/li>
            • 3. Wir haben ___ Zeit. (kein)<\/li>
            • 4. Er besucht ___ Mutter. (mein)<\/li>
            • 5. Das ist das Fahrrad ___ Freundes. (mein)<\/li>
            • 6. Ich spreche mit ___ Freunden. (mein)<\/li><\/ul>

              \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n b\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3:<\/strong> 1. einen; 2. einem; 3. keine; 4. meine; 5. meines; 6. meinen.<\/p>

              Erkl\u00e4ren:<\/strong> Bruder thu\u1ed9c gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef Akkusativ n\u00ean d\u00f9ng einen. Kind l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng trung, \u0111\u1ee9ng sau helfen n\u00ean d\u00f9ng einem. Zeit thu\u1ed9c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i, l\u00e0 t\u00e2n ng\u1eef Akkusativ n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng keine. Mutter l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i \u1edf Akkusativ n\u00ean mein chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh meine. Freundes bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb Genitiv gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng meines. C\u1ee5m mit meinen Freunden thu\u1ed9c Dativ s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>

              B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4: S\u1eeda l\u1ed7i m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2u sau.<\/strong><\/p>

              • 1. Ich sehe der Hund.<\/li>
              • 2. Ich helfe den Frau.<\/li>
              • 3. Das ist ein sch\u00f6ne Wohnung.<\/li>
              • 4. Ich fahre mit die Bus.<\/li>
              • 5. Der M\u00e4dchen spielt Fu\u00dfball.<\/li><\/ul>

                \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n b\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4:<\/strong> 1. Ich sehe den Hund. 2. Ich helfe der Frau. 3. Das ist eine sch\u00f6ne Wohnung. 4. Ich fahre mit dem Bus. 5. Das M\u00e4dchen spielt Fu\u00dfball.<\/p>

                Erkl\u00e4ren:<\/strong> C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Akkusativ gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c, Dativ gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i, Dativ sau mit v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc gi\u1ed1ng trung c\u1ee7a danh t\u1eeb k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng -chen.<\/p>

                L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh luy\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 A1 \u0111\u1ebfn B2 theo CEFR, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 \u00f4n thi Goethe, ECL<\/h3>

                Khung tham chi\u1ebfu ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00e2u \u00c2u CEFR<\/strong> do H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u00e0nh s\u00e1u tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb A1 \u0111\u1ebfn C2. CEFR m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c cho m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp tham kh\u1ea3o.<\/p>
                Niveau<\/th>Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb<\/th>Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/th>Ziel<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                A1<\/td>Der, die, das; ein, eine; kein, keine; Nominativ v\u00e0 Akkusativ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/td>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, mua s\u1eafm<\/td>Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb trong c\u00e2u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/td><\/tr>
                A2<\/td>Dativ, gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb, s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/td>H\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 \u1edf, giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/td>D\u00f9ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb \u0111\u00fang trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng quen thu\u1ed9c<\/td><\/tr>
                B1<\/td>\u00d4n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 4 c\u00e1ch, Genitiv, gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb hai c\u00e1ch, quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb<\/td>Vi\u1ebft th\u01b0, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, k\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m, luy\u1ec7n thi<\/td>Gi\u1ea3m l\u1ed7i bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch trong giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/td><\/tr>
                B2<\/td>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c, nh\u00f3m danh t\u1eeb m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh t\u1eeb, danh t\u1eeb h\u00f3a<\/td>Thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh, tranh lu\u1eadn, vi\u1ebft v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

                \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n B1\u2013B2, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc n\u00ean luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nghe, n\u00f3i, \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c k\u1ef3 thi Goethe-Zertifikat, ECL v\u00e0 telc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c theo c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c CEFR t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, quy ch\u1ebf thi v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>

                Tham gia Deutschkurs B1<\/strong> v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm l\u1ed7i m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 thi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9.<\/p>

                V\u1eadn D\u1ee5ng B\u1ea3ng M\u1ea1o T\u1eeb Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c Trong Giao Ti\u1ebfp, Thi Ch\u1ee9ng Ch\u1ec9 V\u00e0 Du H\u1ecdc Ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c<\/h2>

                M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong giao ti\u1ebfp, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tham gia ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i CHLB \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>

                \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb trong h\u1ed9i tho\u1ea1i, vi\u1ebft c\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c<\/h3>

                T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> Ich habe eine Frage (T\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi). K\u00f6nnen Sie mir die Aufgabe erkl\u00e4ren? (Th\u1ea7y\/c\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u00e0i t\u1eadp cho em kh\u00f4ng?). Ich spreche mit dem Lehrer (T\u00f4i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o). Trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2u n\u00e0y, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo gi\u1ed1ng danh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p.<\/p>

                T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0nh \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng:<\/strong> Die Patientin braucht Hilfe (B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u1eef c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1). Ich bringe der Patientin das Wasser (T\u00f4i mang n\u01b0\u1edbc cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u1eef). Der Arzt spricht mit dem Patienten (B\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nam). C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd Patient thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m danh t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch y\u1ebfu, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u1edf Dativ s\u1ed1 \u00edt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dem Patienten.<\/p>

                T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng Nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u2013 Kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n:<\/strong> Der Gast bestellt einen Kaffee (V\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t ly c\u00e0 ph\u00ea). Die Kellnerin bringt dem Gast die Rechnung (N\u1eef nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 mang h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n cho kh\u00e1ch). Ich reserviere ein Zimmer (T\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng).<\/p>

                T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0nh C\u01a1 kh\u00ed:<\/strong> Der Mechaniker repariert den Motor (Th\u1ee3 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1). Ich arbeite mit dem Werkzeug (T\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5). Die Maschine funktioniert nicht (M\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng).<\/p>

                Vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00e2u theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t der, den v\u00e0 dem. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>

                Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng der, die, das trong b\u00e0i thi ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c Goethe v\u00e0 ECL, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i<\/h3>

                Trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i thi ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c theo CEFR, vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng sai m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 n\u00f3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng k\u1ef3 thi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy t\u1eafc chung r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i l\u1ed7i m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>
                L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/th>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 sai<\/th>Korrekturmethode<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                Nh\u1ea7m gi\u1ed1ng danh t\u1eeb<\/td>der Wohnung<\/td>die Wohnung<\/td><\/tr>
                Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb \u1edf Akkusativ<\/td>Ich sehe der Mann.<\/td>Ich sehe den Mann.<\/td><\/tr>
                Nh\u1ea7m Dativ sau gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb<\/td>mit die Freundin<\/td>mit der Freundin<\/td><\/tr>
                Nh\u1ea7m m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>ein Tasche<\/td>eine Tasche<\/td><\/tr>
                Qu\u00ean bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/td>Ich helfe mein Vater.<\/td>Ich helfe meinem Vater.<\/td><\/tr>
                Nh\u1ea7m Dativ s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/td>mit den Kinder<\/td>mit den Kindern<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

                \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean n\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3ng ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n g\u1ed3m c\u00e2u sai, c\u00e2u \u0111\u00fang, quy t\u1eafc li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 b\u1ed5 sung. Sau m\u1ed7i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t gi\u1ed1ng danh t\u1eeb, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p, gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb.<\/p>

                Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00f3i, n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 luy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1. Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t, thay v\u00ec ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edb b\u1ea3ng bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch.<\/p>

                \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 thi Goethe, ECL v\u00e0 telc, h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1eabu, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u luy\u1ec7n thi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f9ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 CEFR kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1ecdi c\u01a1 quan, doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u00fang theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n; c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>

                Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c A1\u2013B2 v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c<\/h3>

                \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1, ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft email, hi\u1ec3u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o.<\/p>

                Theo c\u1ed5ng th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c Make it in Germany c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi xin th\u1ecb th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 B1 theo CEFR. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e9t duy\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u B2, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn giao ti\u1ebfp chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n.<\/p>

                V\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c:<\/strong> Goethe-Zertifikat, telc v\u00e0 ECL c\u00f3 c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 thi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 CEFR. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed9p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra danh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 quan ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u1ecb th\u1ef1c, c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed9p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 B1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn trong m\u1ecdi th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c.<\/p>

                Zu APS:<\/strong> APS l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ea9m tra h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp li\u00ean quan ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c. APS kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho m\u1ecdi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 Ausbildung. N\u1ebfu h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m tra ri\u00eang, \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra quy \u0111\u1ecbnh APS \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>

                V\u1ec1 visa:<\/strong> th\u1ecb th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p c\u01b0 tr\u00fa t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo Lu\u1eadt C\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u0110\u1ee9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0110i\u1ec1u 16a c\u1ee7a Aufenthaltsgesetz. \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tay ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c (Fachkr\u00e4fteeinwanderungsgesetz) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c; tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e0nh cho lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tay ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1.<\/p>

                Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh visa c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n \u0110\u1ee9c<\/strong> v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 quan tr\u1ecdng khi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u1ed3 s\u01a1. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 di\u1ec7n th\u1ecb th\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua VFS Global theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. Th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n x\u00e9t duy\u1ec7t thu\u1ed9c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c; vi\u1ec7c s\u1edf h\u1eefu ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u1ea5p visa.<\/p>

                \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u00e0nh C\u00f9ng PDT Education Chinh Ph\u1ee5c Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c V\u00e0 \u01af\u1edbc M\u01a1 Du H\u1ecdc Ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c<\/h2>

                V\u1edbi h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, PDT Bildung<\/strong> \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, luy\u1ec7n thi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u01b0, Ph\u00f3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i H\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 \u0110\u1ee9c TP.HCM.<\/p>

                L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n theo CEFR, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb A1 \u0111\u1ebfn B2 v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n thi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 Goethe, ECL<\/h3>

                Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng, ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng nghe, n\u00f3i, \u0111\u1ecdc, vi\u1ebft. Ngay t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 A1, h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ghi nh\u1edb danh t\u1eeb k\u00e8m m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb, luy\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch theo c\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng giao ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>

                \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thi B1 ho\u1eb7c B2, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft c\u00e2u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 giao ti\u1ebfp. Theo th\u00f4ng tin PDT c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 thi ECL. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed7, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 luy\u1ec7n thi v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3; kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean coi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>

                B\u1ea3ng tham kh\u1ea3o l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed ECL ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam:<\/strong> Theo bi\u1ec3u ph\u00ed c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c PDT c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 04\/06\/2026, m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 sau.<\/p>
                Niveau<\/th>Thi \u0111\u1ee7 4 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng<\/th>Thi ri\u00eang 1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                A2<\/td>5.500.000 VN\u0110<\/td>1.600.000 VN\u0110<\/td><\/tr>
                B1<\/td>6.000.000 VN\u0110<\/td>1.700.000 VN\u0110<\/td><\/tr>
                B2<\/td>6.500.000 VN\u0110<\/td>1.800.000 VN\u0110<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

                Hinweis:<\/strong> \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed tham kh\u1ea3o t\u1eeb th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3ng ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho m\u1ecdi trung t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf thi l\u1ea1i t\u1eebng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ECL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 08\/2026, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thi c\u0169. Th\u00ed sinh c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra bi\u1ec3u ph\u00ed, l\u1ecbch thi v\u00e0 quy ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd. L\u1ec7 ph\u00ed Goethe v\u00e0 telc ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c k\u1ef3 thi, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 chung ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh.<\/p>

                Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn k\u1ef3 thi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u1ed3 s\u01a1. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1eabn l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>

                \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, Nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u2013 Kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, C\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec3n sinh, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i<\/h3>

                \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 k\u00e9p (duale Ausbildung) k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u1edf doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ef1a t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (schulische Ausbildung). \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed, tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/p>

                Ng\u00e0nh \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng:<\/strong> \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, hi\u1ec3u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c B2 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ed5 sung v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>

                Ng\u00e0nh Nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u2013 Kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n:<\/strong> ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo ca. H\u1ecdc vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c giao ti\u1ebfp l\u1eabn t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>

                Ng\u00e0nh C\u01a1 kh\u00ed:<\/strong> y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3u quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn an to\u00e0n, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ngh\u1ec1 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>

                \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 k\u00e9p t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c, h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong> v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb doanh nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ee9c tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 1.000\u20131.400 EUR\/Monat<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c n\u0103m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean.<\/p>

                Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o (Ausbildungsvertrag), trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn, ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p t\u1eebng n\u0103m, th\u1eddi gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ng\u00e0y ngh\u1ec9, th\u1eddi gian th\u1eed vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ef1a t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>

                Khi c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1, h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 huynh c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 k\u00fd v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c. Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ed9i dung qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o.<\/p>

                T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n minh b\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed, tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 tr\u00fa theo ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/h3>

                Chi ph\u00ed du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m: h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, luy\u1ec7n thi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, th\u1ecb th\u1ef1c, di chuy\u1ec3n, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, n\u01a1i \u1edf v\u00e0 sinh ho\u1ea1t ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch r\u00f5 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n gi\u00fap gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>
                Kostenposition<\/th>Th\u00f4ng tin tham kh\u1ea3o<\/th>Zu pr\u00fcfende Punkte<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                H\u1ecdc ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c<\/td>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng thu h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 k\u00e9p; tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu ph\u00ed<\/td>Lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/td><\/tr>
                Ausbildungsverg\u00fctung<\/td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.000\u20131.400 EUR\/th\u00e1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<\/td>Ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ed9p hay th\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn, n\u0103m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng<\/td><\/tr>
                H\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n thi<\/td>Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/td>H\u1ecdc ph\u00ed, s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc, l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed thi, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n ph\u00ed<\/td><\/tr>
                D\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, visa<\/td>Ph\u00e1t sinh t\u00f9y h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>B\u1ea3ng ph\u00ed ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thu<\/td><\/tr>
                V\u00e9 m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/td>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u<\/td>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi tr\u1ea3, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n h\u1ee7y, chi ph\u00ed thu\u00ea nh\u00e0<\/td><\/tr>
                Sperrkonto ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh b\u1ed5 sung<\/td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u1ee7 sinh ho\u1ea1t ph\u00ed<\/td>M\u1ee9c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan x\u00e9t duy\u1ec7t<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

                Zum Sperrkonto:<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n phong t\u1ecfa v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n. Theo th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Make it in Germany \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho n\u0103m 2026, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p, n\u1ebfu tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1.048 EUR\/th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c 822 EUR\/th\u00e1ng sau kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb th\u00ec v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m sinh ho\u1ea1t ph\u00ed theo ti\u00eau ch\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed9p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng minh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t b\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/p>

                \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ef1a t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9ng minh sinh ho\u1ea1t ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 959 EUR r\u00f2ng m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng trong n\u0103m 2026, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n phong t\u1ecfa, b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin theo th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>

                V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec3n sinh:<\/strong> \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan x\u00e9t duy\u1ec7t. V\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 k\u00e9p, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ecdi ngh\u1ec1, nh\u01b0ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tu\u1ed5i 35 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chung cho m\u1ecdi visa \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng; quy \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi 35 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n visa sang \u0110\u1ee9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>

                V\u1ec1 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa:<\/strong> gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p c\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0110i\u1ec1u 16a Lu\u1eadt C\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u0110\u1ee9c. Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u01b0 tr\u00fa kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo di\u1ec7n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 tay ngh\u1ec1, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m xin chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ngh\u1ec1.<\/p>

                Th\u00f4ng tin ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c g\u1ed3m c\u1ed5ng Make it in Germany (https:\/\/www.make-it-in-germany.com), c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (https:\/\/vietnam.diplo.de) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u t\u1ea1i https:\/\/www.coe.int\/en\/web\/common-european-framework-reference-languages.<\/p>

                Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh, ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean n\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng chi ph\u00ed b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thanh to\u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n ph\u00ed, ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, th\u00f4ng tin doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i nh\u01b0 mi\u1ec5n h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 luy\u1ec7n thi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, thay v\u00ec hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd.<\/p>

                N\u1eafm v\u1eefng b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin.<\/strong> Khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc der die das theo quy t\u1eafc, luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb A1 \u0111\u1ebfn B2, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho k\u1ef3 thi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>

                N\u1ebfu \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n, luy\u1ec7n thi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 PDT Education<\/strong> qua website https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u00f9ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb minh b\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh trang quan tr\u1ecdng cho h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i CHLB \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                Entdecke die vollst\u00e4ndige Tabelle der deutschen Artikel mit allen vier F\u00e4llen, Merktipps f\u00fcr der, die und das, verst\u00e4ndlichen Beispielen und \u00dcbungen mit L\u00f6sungen. Lerne effektiv Deutsch mit PDT Education!<\/p>","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":10163,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1063],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-du-hoc-duc-dao-tao-tieng-duc"],"rankmath_keywords":{"primary":"b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb trong ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u00e1ch nh\u1edb der die das, c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc der die das, b\u1ea3ng chia m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, der die das, b\u1ea3ng der die das, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, Nominativ Akkusativ Dativ Genitiv, b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c A1 B2, luy\u1ec7n thi ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c ECL, du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c","secondary":["m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb trong ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c","m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c","c\u00e1ch nh\u1edb der die das","c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc der die das","b\u1ea3ng chia m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c","der die das","b\u1ea3ng der die das","m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c","m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c","Nominativ Akkusativ Dativ Genitiv","b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c","b\u00e0i t\u1eadp m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c","h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c A1 B2","luy\u1ec7n thi ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c ECL","du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c"]},"yoast_keywords":{"primary":"","secondary":[]},"yoast_focuskw":"","rankmath_focuskw":"b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb trong ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u00e1ch nh\u1edb der die das, c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc der die das, b\u1ea3ng chia m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, der die das, b\u1ea3ng der die das, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, Nominativ Akkusativ Dativ Genitiv, b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c A1 B2, luy\u1ec7n thi ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c ECL, du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c","seo_keywords":{"primary":"b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb trong ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u00e1ch nh\u1edb der die das, c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc der die das, b\u1ea3ng chia m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c, der die das, b\u1ea3ng der die das, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, Nominativ Akkusativ Dativ Genitiv, b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c A1 B2, luy\u1ec7n thi ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c ECL, du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c","secondary":["m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb trong ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c","m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c","c\u00e1ch nh\u1edb der die das","c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc der die das","b\u1ea3ng chia m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9c","der die das","b\u1ea3ng der die das","m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c","m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c","Nominativ Akkusativ Dativ Genitiv","b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb s\u1edf h\u1eefu ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c","b\u00e0i t\u1eadp m\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c","h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c A1 B2","luy\u1ec7n thi ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c ECL","du h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c"]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10162","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10162"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10162\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10165,"href":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10162\/revisions\/10165"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10162"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10162"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdt.edu.vn\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10162"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}